AI Summary

Researchers at Zhengzhou University in China reviewed zwitterions for use in perovskite solar cells, suggesting the compounds could boost device efficiency and stability through mechanisms beyond traditional defect passivation. Zwitterions are electrically neutral molecules that contain both positively and negatively charged functional groups. The dual‑charge structure allows them to interact more broadly than conventional Lewis acid/base passivators, single ionic additives, or some polymer‑based modifiers. Depending on their molecular structure and position in the device, zwitterions can participate in defect passivation, crystallization modulation, and interfacial energy‑level tuning within a single integrated molecular unit.

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