AI Summary

Screen printing, a common method for solar cell metallization, can cause degradation that harms device performance. This problem is especially significant for copper‑plated silicon heterojunction (HJT) cells, which aim to lower metallization costs and reduce reliance on silver. Mechanical pressure and thermal treatments during screen printing damage the delicate passivating contact structures of HJT cells, leading to higher recombination losses and lower conversion efficiency. Researchers emphasize that understanding these degradation mechanisms is crucial for optimizing metallization processes while preserving cell performance.

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