AI Summary

Giant manta rays can reach up to nine meters in length, a seven‑meter disk span and weigh as much as 2,000 kg, leaving adult individuals with few natural enemies after they mature at eight to ten years old. Their newborns, called pups, lack this protective size and are exposed to open‑ocean predators such as several shark species and orcas. Consequently, the young manta rays must stay close to coastal waters where they are less vulnerable.

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